Search Results for: monitor

Monitoring Your Baby’s Well-being during the Lockdown.

April 30, 2020 by Dr. Ijeoma Idaresit Founder - Edie & Amy Co

Do you remember what it was like the first time you felt your baby kick? It initially feels like flutters or brushes on the inside of your tummy and as the baby grows becomes full-on punches, swishes, and rolls, often visible on your tummy.

The first kicks felt are called “quickening” and mum’s feel this for the first time between 16-24 weeks into their pregnancy.

The well-being of your unborn baby can be monitored at home using a fetal kick count chart especially once you are past 28 weeks pregnant (third trimester).

How do you do it?

Timing: The best time is to schedule this at the same time every day, preferably in the evening once you are done with your chores and can lie down.

Get a pen and paper, and note the time you want to start. Lie down on your left side, and while lying down make a tick each time baby makes a full range of motion and stops. This is 1 kick.

All you really need is a timepiece, a pen and a piece of paper

Once you have gotten 10 kicks, stop and note the time again. You expect 10 of these kicks in at most 12 hours (this is the Cardiff method).

If you don’t get up to 10, have a glass or two of water and try again in an hour.

Drawing up your fetal kick count chart is pretty easy

Do you need to monitor your baby’s movements?

Mums who have been told they have diabetes, hypertension or have had a difficult pregnancy or classified as high risk need to pay more attention to their baby’s movements.

What to do if you feel kicks are less than usual?

First of all, do not panic.

Call your doctor or midwife as soon as possible. They will interview you to assess how you are doing and if you need to come in for further checks which may include an ultrasound scan, listening for your baby’s heartbeat, and so on.
Have you used a fetal kick chart before? It’s easy to create.

References :

WHO recommendation on daily fetal movement counting

RCOG Guideline on reduced fetal movements

Counting Fetal Kicks: Too much info?

Baby Proofing Your Home: Newborn Safety Essentials

February 27, 2024 by Ahialaka Olivia

Baby-proofing your home is an essential part of your journey as a parent. It’s a known fact that babies are active. They want to be everywhere, doing one thing or the other. Most times, it even seems like they are everywhere doing everything, and all at once! The moment they put on their baby walking shoes, they will use it to the full and they can’t be blamed for it. They are simply just curious.

However, a lot of the time, this curiosity can become very dangerous. That is why as a parent or guardian, it is important to always keep an eye on your children and make sure that their surroundings are as safe as possible. This is where baby-proofing comes in.

What Is Baby Proofing?

Baby proofing, also known as child proofing, is creating or providing a safe environment for your child. This safe environment must allow them to move and play freely while being free of hazards or danger.

These risks or hazards might be easy for adults to identify and get through or they might not even be dangerous to adults at all. This might be different for children altogether because something as harmless as small and harmless as a button battery can end up being life-threatening to a child.

When Should You Baby-Proof Your Home?

You can start baby-proofing your home either during pregnancy or after the baby is born. To help you decide when to start baby proofing, keep in mind that it is advised to start the process as soon as possible.

Baby proofing is also a continuous process because different challenges will come up as your child grows so it’s good to be aware of any safety precautions to take during each stage of growth.

You should always baby-proof with an active baby in mind. Their mobility may begin at 4 to 6 months and is not just restricted to when your baby starts crawling and walking but also to rolling as well.

Baby-Proofing Your Home

No home can be fully baby-proof no matter how hard you try. Nevertheless, here are helpful tips to keep your home as safe as possible for your baby:

Make sure to always read the manuals for even the simplest baby toys and gear because even items made for babies can become dangerous if not fully understood or misused.
Have smoke and carbon monoxide detectors installed and maintain them properly by checking them monthly and changing the batteries when needed.
Secure electrical outlets and cords by hiding the cords and blocking access to the outlets.
Ensure furniture and large household objects such as drawers, televisions, bookshelves and more are secured into place so that they can’t be pushed or pulled over when the baby tries to open a drawer or reach a higher shelf.
Move cleaning products away from your children by putting them out of sight and reach from them.
Install baby safety gates in front of anywhere you would like to keep the baby from. Important places include the kitchen, garage and stairs. When you install safety gates for the stairs, you should put them both at the top and the bottom of the stairs.
Apply child-proof locks and latches to anything that you’d like to keep closed including cabinets, drawers and toilet seats. These will help greatly in hiding and securing dangerous items and objects from your children.
Lay out carpets if you know that you have slippery floors or stairs. This will protect not only your children but you as well.
Teach your children about the things that are and aren’t toys and things that they can and cannot play with. You should start doing this from an early stage. Even though they are still children, they need to have basic safety knowledge.
Always check for and remove choking hazards. Make sure to check thoroughly because most choking hazards are small items. We may not notice but the babies will and they most likely will try to put them in their mouth. Pay special attention to the floors because that is where your babies will be the majority of the time.
Have a baby monitor or two. Baby monitors are a great way to monitor your baby at all times. So it is good to have them in important places. You can keep one monitor in your baby’s room and another in their play area.

Take Home Message

It can be extremely difficult to watch a curious and energetic baby. To make your baby-proofing easier, you can create a personal baby-proof checklist. This will help you keep a check on the important things that need to be done.

However, even after doing your best to make your home as safe as possible, you may never be able to completely protect your little one from their curiosity. The only guaranteed baby-proof method is to never take your eyes off them! So keep your eyes, ears and nose open!

ADVANCED MATERNAL AGE: IS GETTING PREGNANT AFTER 35 RISKY?

February 20, 2024 by Ahialaka Olivia

Pregnancy in women over 35 is referred to medically as “advanced maternal age” (AMA). Today, a large number of children are being born to women in this category.

According to a 2014 survey, the number of expectant women giving birth to their first child in their 40s is up to four times more than it used to be. Thus, it is now common for people to start a family when they are over 35 compared to older generations.

Notwithstanding, the term “advanced maternal age” is used due to the potential risks associated with getting pregnant after the age of 35.

Risks of Advanced Maternal Age

No matter your age, pregnancy carries some level of risk. But as you age, the likelihood of complications increases. This is mostly because you are born with all the eggs you will have throughout your lifetime.

The older your age, the older your eggs and the greater the risks of abnormalities or complications during pregnancy. Some common risks associated with advanced maternal age include:

low birth weight in the baby
premature birth
miscarriage
Stillbirth
postpartum haemorrhage
chromosomal abnormalities
birth defects
labour complications, such as early labour
cesarean delivery
preeclampsia, a serious form of high blood pressure
gestational diabetes
multiple pregnancies, such as twins or triplets

The most effective way to lower these risks is to take care of your health throughout the entire process of pregnancy and childbirth. This is especially important if you are planning to get pregnant over the age of 35.

Tips For Advanced Maternal Age

Although getting pregnant at an older age can come with challenges, there are some things you can do to reduce the risk of developing complications. Some of these include:

Taking prenatal vitamins containing folic acid
Choosing the right healthcare team for you
Managing underlying health conditions before getting pregnant
Take advantage of additional check-ups and tests
Eat a healthy nutrient-dense diet
Exercise regularly and maintain a healthy weight
Avoid substances like alcohol, tobacco, and narcotics
Explore the option of preconception testing
Seek informed consent on labour induction
Find ways to relax and manage stress

When Should You Talk to Your Doctor?

It’s recommended you visit your healthcare provider before attempting to conceive if possible. They can assist you in taking the initial steps towards having a healthy baby.

Geriatic Pregancy — ***Image Source:*** *Pexels.com*

When you get pregnant, be prompt about seeking antenatal care. Consult your healthcare provider for advice on how to ensure you have the best chance of having the healthiest pregnancy possible.

Take Home Message

The health of your pregnancy is not dependent on your age alone. However, if you plan to have a baby over the age of 35, you should consult your healthcare provider. To ensure you are having a safe pregnancy, your healthcare provider may probably advise some additional monitoring throughout your pregnancy.

Due to your age, you may have concerns about having a difficult pregnancy, labour, or delivery. These concerns are very valid. However, be rest assured that women who are above 35 can still have healthy pregnancies.

How Do I Dress My Baby Who Has A Fever At Night?

September 8, 2023 by Ahialaka Olivia

All you want to do when your priceless baby develops a fever is provide them with as much ease and comfort as you can. This is relatively easier to do during the day since you can monitor their temperature while watching out for any change in behavior.

However, monitoring your baby’s temperature and keeping them comfortable throughout the night is more difficult due to possible fluctuations.

If it is nighttime and you notice that your baby feels warmer than usual, you are likely to have many questions. What is considered a fever in babies? How should you dress a feverish baby? When should you be worried?

We understand your worry and have compiled helpful information to help you manage your baby with a fever at night.

What Is Considered a Fever in Babies?

The most accurate way to confirm if your baby really has a fever is by measuring the temperature with a thermometer and not just using your hand.

Your baby is said to have a fever when you get a temperature greater than 100.4°F (38°C) with a rectal thermometer or 99°F (37.22°C) with an armpit thermometer.

How To Dress A Baby With Fever At Night

Newborns typically sleep better when their temperatures are not too warm or cold. Thus, it is important to dress them in lightweight clothes if they have a fever. You can choose either a breathable cotton pajamas or a sleep slack with simply a diaper underneath.

While it may seem that wrapping a child in blankets will help them recuperate, in reality doing so can actually worsen their condition by raising their body temperature. It is advisable to not wrap them up with swaddling blankets or beanies to prevent suffocation or overheating.

Rather, concentrate on keeping their room as close to room temperature as possible. If the weather is a bit chilly and you must cover up your baby, you may use a lightweight cotton blanket, making sure to not cover their head or face.

What About Wet Socks?

A baby with a fever may benefit from having socks on since they can help avoid chills. Many parents choose to use damp socks or wet towels in the hopes that it may help to lower their child’s temperature.

If you decide to apply a wet towel, be sure that it is not too cold as this may cause your baby to have a shiver. Aim for using towels or socks that have been dipped in lukewarm water so that they are neither too hot nor cold. This may not immediately lower your baby’s temperature, but it could help make your little one more comfortable.

How To Reduce Fever in Baby Naturally

Aside from dressing your baby comfortably, you may want to try the following simple methods to reduce your child’s fever:

Give Them a Bath

A lukewarm bath may help make your baby feel more comfortable or even reduce the fever. However, ensure that the water is not too hot or too cold as this could cause your baby to shiver.

If you notice this happening, stop the bath immediately and dress your baby in lightweight cotton clothing.

Provide Plenty of Fluids

It is important to make sure your baby is getting enough water, especially when they have a fever. This could be through lots of breastmilk if you are still breastfeeding or by giving your baby plenty of water or fruit juice if they eating solids.

Keeping your baby properly hydrated when they have a fever could go a long way in bringing their body temperature down.

Keep Your Baby at Home

The last place your baby needs to be when they have a fever is outside. All your little one needs right now is to stay at home, get enough rest, and recuperate.

Additionally, your baby could be contagious and make other children sick, so it is best to keep them at home until they are hale and hearty.

Take Home Message

We understand that it can be frightening when your little baby has a fever or is sick at all. The good news is that fevers in babies are primarily harmless and may be easily controlled at home.

The key is to keep your baby comfortable at night through lukewarm baths, lightweight clothing, and proper rest. By doing this you may be able to successfully manage your baby’s fever at home.

Recognizing the Signs of Down Syndrome in Children

July 20, 2023 by Adeola Adebo

Down syndrome is a genetic condition that affects approximately 1 in 700 newborns. Early detection and intervention play a crucial role in helping children with Down syndrome reach their full potential.

In this article, we will discuss the common signs and symptoms that may indicate the presence of Down syndrome in a child.

Physical Features

Children with Down syndrome often have distinct physical features that can be recognized at birth or shortly thereafter. These features include a flat facial profile, small ears, upward-slanting eyes with epicanthal folds, a small mouth with a protruding tongue, a short neck, and a single crease across the palm of the hand. Additionally, they may have poor muscle tone, resulting in loose joints and reduced strength. These physical characteristics may vary in severity from child to child.

Delayed Developmental Milestones:

Another early sign of Down syndrome is delayed developmental milestones. Children with Down syndrome may take longer to achieve motor skills such as sitting up, crawling, walking, and speaking. Their cognitive development may also progress at a slower pace compared to their peers. It is important to remember that each child is unique, and the rate of development can vary. However, if you notice significant delays in multiple areas of development, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.

Intellectual and Learning Disabilities

Children with Down syndrome often experience mild to moderate intellectual and learning disabilities. They may have difficulty with memory, attention span, and language skills. These challenges may require specialized educational interventions and therapies to help the child thrive academically and socially. Early intervention programs, such as speech therapy and occupational therapy, can greatly enhance a child’s cognitive abilities and overall development.

Health Issues

Children with Down syndrome are more susceptible to certain health conditions. They may experience congenital heart defects, hearing loss, vision problems, respiratory issues, and digestive disorders more frequently than the general population. Regular medical check-ups and screenings are essential to monitor and manage any potential health concerns. It is crucial for parents to work closely with healthcare professionals to address these issues promptly.

Conclusion

Recognizing the signs of Down syndrome in a child is crucial for early intervention and support. If you suspect that your child may have Down syndrome, consult with a pediatrician or a healthcare professional who specializes in developmental disorders. Remember that each child with Down syndrome is unique and can achieve significant milestones with the right care, support, and opportunities.

Early diagnosis and intervention can make a significant difference in a child’s quality of life, ensuring they receive the necessary resources to reach their full potential.

A Guide to IVF: What to Expect on Your Journey to Parenthood

June 20, 2023 by Adeola Adebo

Embarking on the journey of in vitro fertilization (IVF) can be both exciting and overwhelming. If you and your partner are considering or have decided to undergo IVF, it’s natural to have questions and uncertainties.

This article aims to provide you with a clear understanding of what to expect during the IVF process, helping you feel more prepared and informed

Steps Involved In IVF

1. Initial Consultation

The first step in IVF is scheduling an initial consultation with a fertility specialist. During this appointment, you will discuss your medical history, undergo fertility tests, and receive an individualized treatment plan. The specialist will explain the entire IVF process and address any concerns or questions you may have.

2. Ovarian Stimulation

The next phase involves stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. You will be prescribed hormonal medications, typically in the form of injections, to stimulate follicle growth. These injections may need to be self-administered or administered by a partner or healthcare professional.

Regular monitoring through ultrasound and blood tests will be conducted to track the progress of follicle development.

3. Egg Retrieval

Once the follicles have matured, an egg retrieval procedure is scheduled. This is typically done under sedation or light anesthesia to minimize discomfort. A thin needle is inserted into the ovaries via the vaginal wall, and the eggs are aspirated. The procedure takes about 20-30 minutes, and you can expect some mild cramping afterward.

4. Fertilization

After the eggs have been retrieved, they are immediately transferred to the laboratory for fertilization. In a controlled environment, the eggs are combined with sperm, either from your partner or a donor, using one of two methods: conventional insemination (mixing the eggs and sperm in a petri dish) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI, where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg). The fertilization process is monitored closely over the next few days.

5. Embryo Development

Once fertilization occurs, the embryos are cultured in the laboratory for a few days. The embryos are closely observed for their development, and the strongest and healthiest ones are selected for transfer.

6. Embryo Transfer

The chosen embryos are transferred back into the uterus through a thin catheter. This is a relatively painless procedure and does not require anesthesia. The number of embryos transferred depends on several factors, including your age and the quality of the embryos. After the transfer, you will rest for a short time before being allowed to go home.

7. Waiting Period

Following the embryo transfer, a waiting period of about 10-14 days begins, during which you will abstain from any strenuous physical activities. This is the time when implantation and pregnancy occur. You may experience a mix of emotions during this period, ranging from hopefulness to anxiety.

8. Pregnancy Test

At the end of the waiting period, you will undergo a blood test to determine if the IVF cycle was successful and if pregnancy has been achieved. It’s important to remain patient and avoid taking home pregnancy tests as they can sometimes produce false results.

Conclusion

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a complex but highly effective reproductive technique that can help individuals and couples overcome fertility challenges. By understanding the various stages involved in the IVF process, you can better prepare yourself emotionally and physically.

Remember to communicate openly with your healthcare provider and seek support from your partner, family, and friends. IVF can be a rollercoaster of emotions, but with patience, perseverance, and the support of a dedicated medical team, your dreams of becoming parents may soon become a reality.

Heterotopic Pregnancy: All You Need To Know

May 14, 2023 by Adeola Adebo

Pregnancy is a thing of joy, only when it occurs where it should be – the uterus. The embryo has to implant in the uterus for it to grow and develop properly. However, it does not always happen like this, leading to a heterotopic pregnancy.

The occurrence of heterotopic pregnancy is rare, with an estimated incidence of about 1 in 30,000 pregnancies. Nonetheless, the risk is higher in women who have undergone fertility treatments or have a history of pelvic

In this article, you will find out what heterotopic pregnancy is, the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.

What is heterotopic pregnancy?

Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition. It happens when a woman carries both an intrauterine pregnancy (a pregnancy in the uterus) and an ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube) at the same time.

Symptoms of heterotopic pregnancy

The symptoms of heterotopic pregnancy can vary from woman to woman, but they typically include:

Vaginal bleeding: This can be light or heavy bleeding that is similar to a period.
Abdominal pain: This pain can be mild or severe and in one side of the lower abdomen.
Shoulder pain: This is a rare symptom of heterotopic pregnancy, but it can occur if the ectopic pregnancy ruptures and causes internal bleeding. The pain often occurs in the shoulder or neck area and may also cause dizziness or fainting.
Nausea and vomiting: These symptoms can be a result of the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy.
Dizziness or fainting: This can occur if the ectopic pregnancy ruptures and causes internal bleeding.

Causes of heterotopic pregnancy

Heterotopic pregnancy is a relatively rare condition, but there are several factors that can increase the risk of developing this condition.

These include:

Fertility treatments

The use of fertility treatments, particularly assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), can increase the risk of heterotopic pregnancy. This is because fertility treatments can result in the development of multiple pregnancies, which increases the risk of both intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies.

Previous ectopic pregnancy

Women who have had a previous ectopic pregnancy are at a higher risk of developing a heterotopic pregnancy in a subsequent pregnancy.

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the reproductive organs that can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes. This scarring can increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy, including heterotopic pregnancy.

Tubal surgery

Surgery on the fallopian tubes, including tubal ligation and tubal re-anastomosis (reversal of tubal ligation), can increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy, including heterotopic pregnancy.

Congenital anomalies

Rarely, structural abnormalities in the reproductive tract can increase the risk of heterotopic pregnancy.

Diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy

The diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy can be challenging, as the symptoms can be similar to those of a normal pregnancy or an ectopic pregnancy. However, there are several diagnostic tests that can help identify a heterotopic pregnancy, including:

Ultrasound: An ultrasound can detect both intrauterine pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy. Depending on the stage of pregnancy, the doctors may choose to perform a transvaginal or transabdominal ultrasound.

Blood tests: Usually, blood tests measure the level of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. A high level of hCG can indicate the presence of a heterotopic pregnancy.

Pelvic exam: A pelvic exam can detect tenderness or swelling in the fallopian tubes, which can indicate the presence of an ectopic pregnancy.

Laparoscopy: This is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows the doctor to visualize the pelvic area and confirm the diagnosis of a heterotopic pregnancy. Laparoscopy may be necessary if other diagnostic tests are inconclusive.

Prevention of heterotopic pregnancy

While it is not always possible to prevent heterotopic pregnancy, there are some steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of developing this condition. These include:

Regulating fertility treatments: If possible, regulating the use of fertility treatments like in-vitro fertilization (IVF), can reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies. By extension, this will lower the risk of heterotopic pregnancy.

Prompt treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): Treating PID promptly can reduce the risk of scarring in the fallopian tubes. As we mentioned earlier, this scarring can increase the risk of heterotopic pregnancy.

Use Barrier Contraceptives: Barrier methods of contraception, such as condoms or diaphragms, can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections, which can lead to PID and other complications that increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy.

Early detection and treatment of ectopic pregnancy: Early detection and treatment of ectopic pregnancy can reduce the risk of complications such as rupture and scarring of the fallopian tubes, which can increase the risk of future ectopic pregnancies, including heterotopic pregnancy.

Treatment of heterotopic pregnancy

The treatment of heterotopic pregnancy depends on the location and size of the intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies, as well as the overall health of the mother. The goal of treatment is to preserve the intrauterine pregnancy while removing the ectopic pregnancy to prevent complications.

The options for treatment may include:

Surgery: Surgery is the most common treatment for heterotopic pregnancy. It involves removing the ectopic pregnancy while preserving the intrauterine pregnancy. The procedure may involve laparoscopy (minimally invasive surgery) or laparotomy (open surgery).

Medications: In some cases, medications such as methotrexate may be used to treat ectopic pregnancy. However, this treatment is typically reserved for cases where the ectopic pregnancy is small and the intrauterine pregnancy is far enough along that it is unlikely to be affected by the medication.

Expectant management: In rare cases, expectant management (monitoring the pregnancy without intervention) may be an option if the ectopic pregnancy is small and not causing any symptoms. However, this approach is generally not recommended because of the risk of complications.

Conclusion

If you are undergoing fertility treatments, have a history of ectopic pregnancy, or are experiencing symptoms of heterotopic pregnancy, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.

Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent serious complications and improve the chances of a successful outcome for the intrauterine pregnancy.

How Long Is A Baby Considered A Newborn?

April 13, 2023 by Adeola Adebo

In the world of parenting and childcare, it is common to hear the term “newborn” used to describe a very young baby. From parents to friends and family, it is obvious that the term is not a strange one. However, have you ever stopped to consider how long is a baby actually considered a newborn?

In this article, you will find out how long a baby is considered a newborn, the signs that your baby is no longer a newborn, and what’s next after the newborn stage.

Let’s Begin!

How long is a baby considered a newborn?

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a baby is considered a newborn for the first 28 days of life. During this time, the baby is adjusting to life outside the womb and undergoing significant physical and neurological development.

how long is my baby considered a newborn

This is a crucial time for the baby to bond with their caregivers and adjust to life outside of the womb. After the first month, the baby enters the “infant” stage and continues to develop and grow rapidly over the next year.

It is important to note that every baby is unique and may develop at their own pace, so the exact timeframe for when a baby is considered a newborn may vary.

How long are premature babies considered a newborn?

The length of time that a premature baby is considered a newborn can vary depending on their gestational age at birth. Generally, premature babies are considered newborns from the time they are born until they reach their expected due date.

For example, if a baby was born at 32 weeks gestation (8 weeks early), he/she would be considered a newborn for the first 8 weeks after birth. Subsequently, the baby will be considered an infant once he/she reaches what would have been the actual due date.

It is important to note that premature babies may have unique developmental needs. Therefore, babies born prematurely may require specialized care during their newborn period and beyond.

The medical team caring for a premature babies will closely monitor their growth and development and provide appropriate care to support their health and well-being.

What are the signs that your baby is no longer a newborn?

There are several signs that your baby is no longer a newborn and is transitioning into the next stage of development, which is usually referred to as the infant stage. Here are some of the signs to look out for:

Weight gain: Newborns typically lose weight in the first few days after birth, but they should regain it within a week or two. If your baby is consistently gaining weight and reaching their milestones, they are likely transitioning out of the newborn stage.
Longer periods of wakefulness: Newborns tend to sleep for long periods of time, often up to 18 hours a day. As they get older, they will gradually sleep less and spend more time awake and alert.
Improved head control: Newborns have very little control over their head and neck, but as they get older, they will start to develop better control and be able to hold their heads up for short periods of time.
More social interaction: As your baby gets older, he or she will become more social and interactive. They will start to smile and coo, and may even begin to respond to your voice and touch.
More mobility: As your baby’s muscles get stronger, he or she will start to move around more. They may start rolling over, crawling, and eventually walking.

Overall, every baby develops at their own pace.

Therefore, these signs may not be exactly the same for every child. However, if your baby is showing some or all of these signs, they are likely transitioning out of the newborn stage and into the next phase of development.

What’s next after the newborn stage?

After the newborn stage, babies enter the infant stage, which generally lasts from 1 month to 12 months of age. During this stage, babies continue to grow and develop rapidly in many areas, including:

Physical development: Infants continue to develop their motor skills, and will start to roll over, sit up, crawl, and eventually walk.
Cognitive development: Infants begin to understand cause-and-effect relationships, and will explore their environment to learn more about the world around them.
Language development: Infants start to communicate through coos, babbling, and eventually, their first words.
Social development: Infants start to interact more with others, and will smile, laugh, and respond to their caregivers’ cues.
Emotional development: Infants develop a greater sense of self-awareness and begin to experience a wider range of emotions.

During the infant stage, babies also continue to establish sleep patterns and feeding routines. Furthermore, they may begin to transition to solid foods as they approach their first birthday. As with the newborn stage, every baby develops at their own pace. Therefore, the specific milestones reached during the infant stage can vary from child to child.

However, it is important for parents and caregivers to provide a safe and stimulating environment that supports their baby’s development.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a baby is generally considered a newborn for the first 28 days of life, regardless of whether they were born prematurely or at full term.

Understanding the different stages of a baby’s development can help parents and caregivers provide appropriate care and support for their little ones as they grow and thrive.

Ketones In Urine During Pregnancy

March 29, 2023 by Adeola Adebo

During pregnancy, many changes occur in a woman’s body, including changes in metabolism and hormone levels. One of the changes that can occur during pregnancy is the presence of ketones in the urine.

It’s important for pregnant women to monitor their urine for the presence of ketones. Also, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider if ketones are detected.

In this article, you will know what ketones are during pregnancy, what causes ketones in urine during pregnancy. Furthermore, there are details on how to prevent ketones in urine during pregnancy.

What are ketones in urine during pregnancy?

Ketones are substances produced by the liver when the body is unable to use carbohydrates as its primary source of energy.

When ketones are present in the urine during pregnancy, it may indicate that the body is not getting enough energy from the foods being consumed.

Why are there ketones in urine during pregnancy?

Ketones in urine during pregnancy can be caused by a variety of factors including:

Not eating enough: When the body doesn’t get enough carbohydrates from food, it starts to burn stored fat for energy. This process produces ketones, which are then excreted in the urine.

Skipping meals: This can also lead to the production of ketones because the body isn’t getting a steady supply of carbohydrates.

Gestational diabetes: This is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and can cause high blood sugar levels. When blood sugar levels are too high, the body produces ketones as a byproduct.

Dehydration: When the body is dehydrated, it can also produce ketones. This can occur if you are not drinking enough fluids during pregnancy.

Nausea and vomiting: It can lead to dehydration and a lack of food intake, which can result in the production of ketones.

Prolonged fasting or exercise: Prolonged periods of fasting or intense exercise can also cause the body to produce ketones as a source of energy.

How do you know whether there are ketones in your urine during pregnancy?

The presence of ketones in urine during pregnancy can be detected by a urine test.

This test can be performed by your healthcare provider, or an over-the-counter ketone test kit can be used at home.

To perform a urine test for ketones at home, follow these steps:

Wash your hands with soap and water and dry them thoroughly.
Use a clean cup to collect a urine sample.
Open the ketone test strip package and remove the strip.
Dip the ketone test strip into the urine sample and then remove it.
Wait for the recommended time (usually 10-15 seconds) for the test strip to change color.
Compare the color of the test strip to the color chart that comes with the test kit.
Record the result as negative (no ketones), trace (small amount of ketones), moderate (moderate amount of ketones), or high (large amount of ketones).

How to prevent ketones in urine during pregnancy

The following steps can help prevent the production of ketones in urine during pregnancy:

Eat a well-balanced diet: It’s important for you to eat a healthy, balanced diet that includes plenty of carbohydrates during pregnancy. This can help ensure that your body has enough energy to function properly and prevent the production of ketones.

Avoid skipping meals: Skipping meals can cause your body to go into a state of starvation, which can trigger the production of ketones. You should aim to eat small, frequent meals throughout the day to keep your blood sugar levels stable and prevent ketone production.

Stay hydrated: Dehydration can also lead to the production of ketones. Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day, such as water, herbal tea, and fruit juice to stay hydrated.

Monitor your blood sugar levels: Women with gestational diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and follow their healthcare provider’s recommendations for managing their condition.

Get regular exercise: Regular exercise can help improve insulin sensitivity and keep blood sugar levels stable. You should talk to your healthcare provider before starting an exercise program and follow their recommendations for safe exercise during pregnancy.

Manage nausea and vomiting: Women experiencing severe nausea and vomiting should work with their healthcare provider to manage their symptoms and prevent dehydration and malnutrition, which can lead to the production of ketones.

Monitor your urine for ketones: You should monitor your urine for the presence of ketones using a ketone test kit. If ketones are detected, contact your healthcare provider for further evaluation and treatment.

Can ketones harm your baby during pregnancy?

High levels of ketones in the urine during pregnancy can potentially harm both the mother and the developing baby. If left untreated, high levels of ketones can lead to a condition called ketoacidosis, which can cause a range of serious complications, including:

Dehydration: Ketones can cause the body to lose water and electrolytes, which can lead to dehydration. This can be particularly dangerous for pregnant women, who may already be at risk for dehydration due to the increased demands of pregnancy.

Fetal distress: High levels of ketones in the mother’s bloodstream can potentially affect the developing baby, leading to fetal distress and other complications.

Preterm labor: Women with high levels of ketones in their urine may be at increased risk for preterm labor and delivery.

Neural tube defects: High levels of ketones during pregnancy have been associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects in the developing baby.

Low birth weight: Women with high levels of ketones in their urine may be at increased risk for delivering a baby with a low birth weight.

Conclusion

The presence of ketones in urine during pregnancy can be a sign of a number of different conditions, including gestational diabetes, a low-carbohydrate diet, or fasting. Ketones can potentially harm both the mother and the developing baby if left untreated. It is important you monitor your urine for the presence of ketones during pregnancy and to consult with a healthcare provider if ketones are detected.

Spotting After Sex During Pregnancy

March 14, 2023 by Adeola Adebo

Spotting or light bleeding after sex is not uncommon during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. This is because the cervix becomes more sensitive during pregnancy due to increased blood flow. Also, hormonal changes can also cause the cervix to bleed more easily.

However, it is always important to inform your healthcare provider if you experience any bleeding during pregnancy, including after sex. They may want to examine you to ensure that everything is okay with you and your baby.

In this article, you will find out if spotting after sex is normal, what can cause spotting after pregnancy, and how to prevent and treat spotting after pregnancy.

Is spotting after sex during pregnancy normal?

Spotting after sex, also known as post-coital bleeding, is not always normal and can have several causes. Therefore, it’s important to determine the underlying cause in order to determine whether it’s normal or not.

In some cases, spotting after sex can be normal, especially if it’s a person’s first sexual experience or due to vaginal dryness during intercourse. However, if the spotting or bleeding is persistent or accompanied by pain, discomfort, or other symptoms, it could be a sign of an underlying medical condition that requires attention.

If you experience spotting after sex, it’s important to speak with a healthcare provider to determine the cause. This way, your doctor can map out an appropriate treatment plan. They may perform a pelvic exam, Pap test, or other tests to diagnose the underlying issue.

Can having sex during pregnancy cause spotting?

Sex during pregnancy is generally safe for most women with uncomplicated pregnancies. However, it is possible for sexual activity to cause some vaginal spotting or bleeding during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester.

Spotting after sex during pregnancy can occur because the cervix (the opening to the uterus) is more sensitive and engorged with blood during pregnancy. As a result, even minor trauma to the cervix during sex can cause some bleeding. This is more likely to occur in the first trimester when the cervix is still closed and more sensitive.

If you experience vaginal bleeding or spotting after sex during pregnancy, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider. While spotting after sex is usually not a cause for concern, it’s essential to rule out any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to the bleeding.

In general, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider about what activities are safe for you during pregnancy and what to watch out for in terms of warning signs of complications.

Causes of spotting after sex during pregnancy

Spotting after sex during pregnancy can be caused by various factors. Some possible causes include:

Cervical irritation: The cervix, which is the opening to the uterus, can become irritated and bleed during pregnancy due to increased blood flow and sensitivity.

Infection: An infection in the vagina or cervix can cause bleeding after sex during pregnancy. This can include sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or bacterial vaginosis.

Cervical polyp: A cervical polyp is a growth on the cervix that can cause bleeding after sex during pregnancy. These polyps are usually benign and do not pose a risk to the pregnancy.

Placenta previa: Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix, causing bleeding. This condition requires medical attention and monitoring, as it can be dangerous for the mother and baby.

Miscarriage: In some cases, bleeding after sex during pregnancy can be a sign of miscarriage. If you experience any other symptoms such as cramping or heavy bleeding, seek medical attention immediately.

Vaginal dryness: If there is not enough vaginal lubrication during sex, it can cause irritation and bleeding.

Cervical or uterine cancer: Bleeding after sex can be a symptom of cervical or uterine cancer.

Trauma or injury: Rough sex or injury to the genital area can cause bleeding.

Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormones can cause changes in the thickness and health of vaginal tissue, which can lead to bleeding after sex.

Preventing spotting after sex during pregnancy

Here are some tips on how to prevent spotting after sex:

Use lubrication: Vaginal dryness can cause friction during sex, leading to small tears or cuts in the vaginal tissue. Using a water-based lubricant can help reduce friction and prevent bleeding.

Practice safe sex: Using condoms during sex can help prevent infections that may cause bleeding. Additionally, condoms can help reduce friction during sex, which can prevent vaginal tears.

Communicate with your partner: If you experience pain or discomfort during sex, it’s important to communicate with your partner. They may need to adjust their technique or use more lubrication.

Get regular check-ups: Regular gynecological exams can help detect and treat any abnormalities in the cervix or other parts of the reproductive system that may cause bleeding after sex.

Avoid sex during menstruation: Having sex during your period can increase the risk of bleeding, so it’s best to avoid it during this time.

Seek medical attention: If bleeding after sex persists or is accompanied by other symptoms such as pain or discharge, it’s important to seek medical attention. Your doctor can help determine the underlying cause and recommend the appropriate treatment.

Treatment of spotting after sex during pregnancy

It is always advisable to consult with your healthcare provider if you experience spotting or bleeding during pregnancy, especially after sex. Your healthcare provider may perform a pelvic exam and order an ultrasound to check the health of your pregnancy and rule out any possible complications.

Depending on the cause of the spotting, your healthcare provider may recommend the following treatments:

Rest: Your healthcare provider may advise you to rest and avoid any strenuous activity, including sexual intercourse.

Pelvic rest: This may be recommended if there is a risk of preterm labor or if the spotting is caused by cervical changes. Pelvic rest involves avoiding sexual intercourse, tampons, douching, and anything else that could irritate the cervix.

Medications: If the spotting is caused by an infection or inflammation, your healthcare provider may prescribe antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medication.

Bed rest: In some cases, bed rest may be recommended to prevent further bleeding and ensure the health of the pregnancy.

Conclusion

It is essential to follow your healthcare provider’s advice and attend all follow-up appointments to ensure that you and your baby are healthy. If the bleeding is heavy, accompanied by cramping or abdominal pain, or if you experience a sudden increase in bleeding, seek medical attention immediately.